Web Applications

*A web application or Web Apps

- An app is a piece of software. It can run on the Internet, on your computer, or on your phone or other electronic device
-Refer to any application, services in internet.
-Ex: Google Documents, Windows Live Hotmail, Turbo Tax online and etc

*Web browsers are software applications that allow users to retrieve data and interact with content located on web pages within a website

* Examples of Browsers

- Internet Explorer
- Netscape
- Mozilla Firefox
- safari
- Opera

* - Web applications commonly use a combination of

Internet Explorer:

Static Web:

•Web 1.0
•considered as "read-only web." allows people to search for information and read it.
•Web 1.0 aren’t interactive
-closed to external editing
-Web 1.0 pages do not allow visitors to contribute

Example: Online official Information resources.

Dynamic Web:

•Web 2.0
•Dynamic interactive web sites
- Web interactions between people, software and data and describes a
•Typically combination of technology allowing user to interact with information.

Google Apps Technology:

* Messaging
* Calendaring
* Documents
* Video
* Sites
* Talk
* Maps

Google Mail (Gmail):

-It encourages users to communicate.
-IM, voice and video chat.
- Anytime, anywhere access to your email.

Methodologies in Information System

IS Development Methodologies

IS Development Methodologies contain models and reflect particular perspectives of ‘reality’ based on a set of philosophical paradigms. A methodology should tell you ‘what’ steps to take and ‘how’ to perform those steps but most importantly the reasons ‘why’ those steps should be taken, in that particular order.

Jayaratna, (1994)pg. 37



ISD methodologies as a recommended collection of philosophies, phases, procedures, rules, techniques, tools, documentation, management and training for developers of information systems .

Maddison et al. (1984)



ISD methodologies is a collection of procedures, techniques, tools and documentation aids which will help the systems developers in their efforts to implement a new information system.

Types of ISD Methodologies:

• Gane & Sarsons
• Information Engineering
• Jackson System Development
• Structured Approach
• Soft System Methodology
• Ethics

Executive Support System & Expert System

Executive Support System:

     They help executives and senior managers analyse the environment in which the organization operates, to identify long-term trends, and to plan appropriate courses of action . Designed to support higher level of DM in Organization. Present summary information.

Characteristic Of EIS:

•  TPS+MIS+DSS
•  Gain direct access information about company
•  Used only at the most senior management levels
•  Use internal and external data sources 

Expert System:

     Computerized expert systems have been developed to diagnosed problems, predict future events and solve problems. Expert systems are part of a general category of computer applications known as artificial intelligence.

Characteristics Of ES:

• Help users to solve a problem.
• Give computer the ability to make suggestions and act like an expert in particular field.
• Can be used by both management and non management personnel.

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM

An organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases and devices used to support problem-specific decision making.A decision support system (DSS) is a computer-based information system that supports business or organizational activities. DSSs serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an organization and help to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance. Decision support systems can be either fully computerized, human or a combination of both.

Management Information System

Is an integrated collection of people, procedures, databases and devices that provides managers and decision makers with information to help achieve organizational goals.

 

FUNCTION OF MIS:

                 Proving managers with information about operations of the organization so that they can control, organize, and plan more effectively.

FEATURES OF MIS:

• Used by middle managerial levels
• Use Internal data stored in computer system
• Produce several kinds of reports with fixed and standard formats
• Draws from all departments

ROLE OF MIS:

• Support structured decision.
• Provide the right information to the right person in the right format at the right time.

SCENARIO OF MIS:

 

Transaction Processing System

The transaction processing system records the data from everyday operations throughout every division or department in the organization. Each division or department is connected through the TPS to provide useful information to management levels throughout the company.

Features of TPS

• One TPS for each department 
• Used by personal, optional and supervisor level
•  TPS is backbone of an organization's information system
• Monitor, collect, store and organised data generated by business organization

Components of TPS

1. People:

              The user of the information system is the person belonging to the organisation that owns the transaction system.
              Participants are the people who conduct the information processing/ participants of the system as they directly enter transaction and perform validation.

  2. Hardware 

  3. Software 

Used by operational personnel  and supervisory levels

Components of IS

Following are the components of Information System.

Telecommunications:

Electronic transmission of signals for communications which enables organizations to carry out their processes and task through effective computer networks.

Networks:

Connect computer and equipment in a building, around the country or around the world to enable electronic communication.

Internet:

World's largest computer network actually consisting of thousands of interconnected networks all freely exchanging information.

In Class Activity 

We also did a in class activity during this lecture. It was a group discussion.

The task was " Using the Internet, search for information on the use of information system in any of organization. Discuss on how does the organization use technology to accomplish its goals" 

we were not only supposed to discuss but write on a piece of A4 paper and submit it to lecturer after class.

I really enjoyed the activity it also help to get to know our group members well. We really enjoyed doing that.